Farm Rescue Act of 2025
Summary
What This Bill Does
The Farm Rescue Act of 2025 changes price loss coverage payment timing for crop year 2025. Within 90 days of enactment, if the Secretary of Agriculture determines from the best available data and national average market price projections that price loss coverage payments will be required for a covered commodity, USDA must give producers on a farm the option to receive partial payments for that commodity's 2025 crop year payment acres.
For producers who opt in, the one-time partial payment must equal at least 40 percent and no more than 50 percent of the projected 2025 price loss coverage payment. After the applicable marketing year ends, USDA must provide a subsequent payment equal to the final payment amount minus the partial payment already provided. If USDA later determines that a partial payment was not required for a covered commodity, the Secretary may recover the erroneous partial payment.
Who Benefits and How
Farm producers growing covered commodities benefit from faster access to a portion of expected price loss coverage payments during crop year 2025. Producers facing low market prices may receive 40 to 50 percent of projected payments earlier rather than waiting until after the marketing year. Lenders and rural suppliers may benefit indirectly from improved producer cash flow.
Who Bears the Burden and How
USDA Farm Service Agency staff must quickly project national average market prices, determine which covered commodities qualify, offer producers partial payment options, calculate advance amounts, provide later true-up payments, and recover erroneous payments when necessary. Federal commodity program outlays may be accelerated into earlier periods. Producers who receive advances that prove unnecessary may face repayment risk.
Key Provisions
- Requires USDA within 90 days to determine whether projected price loss coverage payments will be needed for 2025 covered commodities.
- Requires USDA to offer producers an option to receive advance partial payments for eligible 2025 covered commodities.
- Provides a one-time partial payment equal to at least 40 percent and no more than 50 percent of projected price loss coverage payments.
- Requires USDA to make a subsequent true-up payment after the marketing year equal to the final payment minus the advance.
- Authorizes USDA to recover an advance payment if the Secretary later determines it was not required.
Evidence Chain:
This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.
At a Glance
What This Bill Does
Requires USDA to offer advance partial price loss coverage payments for crop year 2025 when projected market-price data show payments will be required for a covered commodity, sets the advance at 40 to 50 percent of projected payments, requires later true-up payments, and authorizes recovery of erroneous advances.
Key Policy Areas
Agriculture, Farm Income Support, Commodity Programs
Primary Purpose
Requires USDA to offer advance partial price loss coverage payments for crop year 2025 when projected market-price data show payments will be required for a covered commodity, sets the advance at 40 to 50 percent of projected payments, requires later true-up payments, and authorizes recovery of erroneous advances.
Policy Domains
Section 2 advance partial price loss coverage payments for crop year 2025
Identified Gains
- Covered commodity producers
- Farm lenders serving covered commodity producers
- Rural agricultural suppliers
Identified Costs
- USDA Farm Service Agency payment administrators
- Federal commodity program outlays
- Producers receiving erroneous advances
Sponsors
Legislative Progress
In CommitteeReferred to the Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities, Risk Management, …
Ms. Letlow introduced the following bill; which was referred to …
Referred to the House Committee on Agriculture.
Introduced in House
Stakeholder Effects
cui bono?How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.
Covered commodity producers, Producers receiving erroneous advances
Positive-direction: Covered commodity producers
Negative-direction: Producers receiving erroneous advances
Federal commodity program outlays, USDA Farm Service Agency payment administrators
Bill Structure & Actor Mappings
Who is "The Secretary" in each section?
- "producer"
- → Producer on a farm with payment acres for a covered commodity
- "secretary"
- → Secretary of Agriculture
- "covered_commodity"
- → Covered commodity under the Agricultural Act of 2014
Key Definitions
Terms defined in this bill
The payment after the applicable marketing year equal to the final 2025 price loss coverage amount minus the advance partial payment.
A one-time crop year 2025 payment of 40 to 50 percent of the projected price loss coverage payment for an eligible covered commodity.
We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.
Learn more about our methodology