HR4457-119

Introduced

To address root causes of homelessness, meet the needs of community members experiencing harms from homelessness, transition communities towards providing housing for all, end penalization of homelessness, and ensure full democratic participation and inclusion of persons experiencing homelessness, and for other purposes.

119th Congress Introduced Jul 16, 2025

At a Glance

Read full bill text

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Jul 16, 2025

Ms. Jayapal (for herself, Ms. Meng, Ms. Ansari, Mr. Carson, …

Primary Purpose

Establishes comprehensive programs to address homelessness through Housing First strategies, creates alternatives to criminalizing homelessness, and imposes new taxes on large real estate transactions to fund housing programs.

Policy Domains

Housing Homelessness Social Services Taxation Civil Rights Voting Rights Community Development

Legislative Strategy

"Comprehensive approach combining decriminalization, Housing First strategies, new block grants, voting access, and new taxes on large real estate transactions to fund homelessness programs"

Likely Beneficiaries

  • Homeless and housing-unstable individuals and families
  • Nonprofit organizations serving homeless populations
  • State and local governments receiving grant funding
  • Public defenders and diversion programs
  • Affordable housing developers
  • Communities of color and other populations at higher risk of homelessness

Likely Burden Bearers

  • Large real estate investors (transactions over $10M face 5% tax)
  • Anonymous shell companies purchasing real estate (10% tax)
  • Law enforcement agencies (must shift from enforcement to diversion)
  • Local governments that currently criminalize homelessness (lose eligibility for funds)
  • Federal taxpayers (appropriations of $6B+ for CDBG Plus, $100M for diversion programs, $10M for Interagency Council)

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Housing Homelessness
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of HUD (as default for housing provisions)
Domains
Criminal Justice Homelessness
Actor Mappings
"the_attorney_general"
→ Attorney General
Domains
Housing Community Development Environment
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Domains
Social Services Housing
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of HUD
"comptroller_general"
→ Comptroller General of the United States
Domains
Voting Rights Civil Rights
Actor Mappings
"election_assistance_commission"
→ Election Assistance Commission
Domains
Government Administration Homelessness
Actor Mappings
"the_council"
→ United States Interagency Council on Homelessness
"executive_director"
→ Executive Director of the Council
Domains
Taxation Real Estate
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury

Note: 'The Secretary' refers to different cabinet officials depending on title: HUD Secretary (Titles II, III), Attorney General (Title I), Treasury Secretary (Title VI)

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

8 terms
"at risk of homelessness" §2(a)

An individual or family with income less than 30% of median, lacking support networks to prevent homelessness, with housing instability indicators

"cost-burdened" §2(b)

An individual or family that spends more than 22% of income on rent or housing-related costs

"homeless" §2(c)

An individual or family lacking fixed, regular, adequate nighttime residence including those in shelters or transitional housing

"Housing First" §2(d)

An approach to quickly connect homeless individuals to permanent housing without preconditions like sobriety or treatment requirements

"housing-unstable" §2(e)

Broad category including those lacking fixed residence, sharing housing due to economic hardship, or at imminent risk of eviction

"penalize homelessness" §2(f)

Imposing criminal or civil penalties on homeless persons for necessary human activities like sleeping, resting, eating

"permanent supportive housing" §2(g)

Housing with indefinite leasing and non-mandatory culturally competent supportive services

"population at higher risk of homelessness" §2(h)

Groups experiencing homelessness at higher rates including communities of color, persons with disabilities, LGBTQ persons, veterans, foster youth, justice-involved persons

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology