HR4125-119

Introduced

To establish the total number of Representatives at a number that provides that the average number of constituents represented by a Member from any State is equal to 500,000 and to apportion Representatives among the States accordingly, and for other purposes.

119th Congress Introduced Jun 25, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill defines formula for determining House size by dividing total population by 500,000 and repealing the 1911 cap of 435 members, exempts optional authority for states to create multi-member congressional districts with equal population per representative, and creates optional ranked-choice voting system for states using multi-member districts, with detailed ballot requirements and tabulation procedures. It relies on definition changes, exemptions, product standards, and reporting requirements. The main policy areas are Technology.

Who Benefits and How

Voters in large-population states could gain revenue opportunities, State legislatures could face lower compliance burdens, and Architect of the Capitol could gain revenue opportunities.

Who Bears the Burden and How

U.S. House of Representatives could face higher costs, State election administrators would take on compliance duties, and Federal taxpayers could face higher costs.

Key Provisions

  • Defines formula for determining House size by dividing total population by 500,000 and repealing the 1911 cap of 435 members.
  • Exempts optional authority for states to create multi-member congressional districts with equal population per representative.
  • Creates optional ranked-choice voting system for states using multi-member districts, with detailed ballot requirements and tabulation procedures.
  • Requires bipartisan 15-member commission to review and recommend adjustments when House size changes by more than 15% after a census.
  • Provides open-ended authorization of appropriations for additional space, facilities, personnel, and resources for the expanded House.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

The bill defines formula for determining House size by dividing total population by 500,000 and repealing the 1911 cap of 435 members, exempts optional authority for states to create multi-member congressional districts with equal population per representative, and creates optional ranked-choice voting system for states using multi-member districts, with detailed ballot requirements and tabulation procedures.

Key Policy Areas

Technology

Primary Purpose

The bill defines formula for determining House size by dividing total population by 500,000 and repealing the 1911 cap of 435 members, exempts optional authority for states to create multi-member congressional districts with equal population per representative, and creates optional ranked-choice voting system for states using multi-member districts, with detailed ballot requirements and tabulation procedures.

Policy Domains

Technology

House Expansion and Electoral Reform

Identified Gains
  • Voters in large-population states
  • State legislatures
  • Architect of the Capitol
  • Third-party and independent candidates
  • Voting system technology providers
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
State legislatures:
Architect of the Capitol:
Voters in large-population states:
Voting system technology providers:
Third-party and independent candidates:
Identified Costs
  • U.S. House of Representatives
  • State election administrators
  • Federal taxpayers
  • Congress
  • Small-population states
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Congress:
Federal taxpayers:
Small-population states:
State election administrators:
U.S. House of Representatives:

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Jun 25, 2025

Mr. Casten introduced the following bill; which was referred to …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
6 mentions across 5 clauses
+2 positive -4 negative

Architect of the Capitol, Congress, Small-population states

Positive-direction: Architect of the Capitol, State legislatures

Negative-direction: Congress, Small-population states, State election administrators, U.S. House of Representatives

General Public
3 mentions across 3 clauses
+2 positive -1 negative

American public, Taxpayers, Voters in large-population states

Positive-direction: American public, Voters in large-population states

Negative-direction: Taxpayers

Political Parties
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Minority-party candidates, Third-party and independent candidates

Technology
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Voting system technology providers

6/6
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Technology
Actor Mappings
"states"
→ Individual U.S. states (optional multi-member districts and RCV)
"architect"
→ Architect of the Capitol
"commission"
→ 15-member bipartisan Congressional commission

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology