HR403-119

Introduced

To enhance predisaster mitigation to prevent future natural disasters, and for other purposes.

119th Congress Introduced Jan 14, 2025

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

The Preventing Our Next Natural Disaster Act amends the Stafford Act to strengthen FEMA predisaster mitigation programs. It adds new definitions for high hazard risk areas, environmental justice communities, and small impoverished communities. The bill directs FEMA to develop guidance on incorporating climate change into risk assessments, cost-benefit analyses, and building standards. It requires prioritizing assistance to communities that face high hazard risk, environmental injustice, low tax revenue, or poor infrastructure maintenance. The federal cost share for small impoverished and environmental justice communities increases to 90%. The bill raises the Disaster Relief Fund set-aside for predisaster mitigation from 6% to 15% and adds a 2% set-aside for community planning. It also mandates community outreach to underserved areas and creation of a centralized federal database tracking all disaster spending.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Enhances FEMA predisaster mitigation programs under the Stafford Act by adding climate-change considerations, prioritizing vulnerable communities (environmental justice, high hazard risk, low tax base), increasing federal cost-share to 90% for impoverished communities, raising set-aside from 6% to 15%, and establishing a centralized federal disaster spending database.

Who Benefits

  • Environmental justice communities
  • Small impoverished communities
  • Communities facing high natural hazard risk

Who Bears Costs

  • FEMA (expanded administrative and data responsibilities)
  • Federal agencies required to share data for centralized database

Key Policy Areas

{'domain': 'Emergency Management', 'evidence': 'Amends Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act Section 203'}, {'domain': 'Environment', 'evidence': 'Adds climate change guidance for risk assessment and building standards'}, {'domain': 'Housing', 'evidence': 'Focuses on community infrastructure resilience and hazard mitigation projects'}

Primary Purpose

Enhances FEMA predisaster mitigation programs under the Stafford Act by adding climate-change considerations, prioritizing vulnerable communities (environmental justice, high hazard risk, low tax base), increasing federal cost-share to 90% for impoverished communities, raising set-aside from 6% to 15%, and establishing a centralized federal disaster spending database.

Policy Domains

{'domain': 'Emergency Management', 'evidence': 'Amends Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act Section 203'} {'domain': 'Environment', 'evidence': 'Adds climate change guidance for risk assessment and building standards'} {'domain': 'Housing', 'evidence': 'Focuses on community infrastructure resilience and hazard mitigation projects'}

Legislative Strategy

"Redirect existing federal disaster funds toward proactive climate-informed mitigation in underserved communities rather than reactive disaster spending"

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Jan 14, 2025

Mr. Swalwell introduced the following bill; which was referred to …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
6 mentions across 5 clauses
-6 negative

Disaster Relief Fund, FEMA, Federal agencies involved in disaster response

Community Development
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Disadvantaged and high-risk communities, Underserved communities

Environment
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Climate resilience firms, Environmental justice communities

Emergency Management
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Predisaster mitigation programs

Tribal Nations
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Tribal and indigenous communities

Construction
1 mention across 1 clause
~1 mixed

Construction and engineering firms

6/8
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Emergency Management Environment
Actor Mappings
"the_president"
→ President of the United States
"the_administrator"
→ Administrator of FEMA

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

3 terms
"high hazard risk" §2

High rating of a natural hazard risk according to a tool such as the National Risk Index or another tool developed by FEMA

"environmental justice community" §2(2)

Community primarily composed of communities of color, low-income communities, or Tribal and indigenous communities that experiences or is at risk of experiencing higher or more adverse human health or environmental effects

"small impoverished community" §2(3)

Community of 50,000 or fewer individuals that is economically disadvantaged

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology