HR3972-119

In Committee

Highway Funding Flexibility Act of 2025

119th Congress Introduced Jun 12, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Highway Funding Flexibility Act of 2025 changes how unobligated and future federal EV charging infrastructure funds may be used. For the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program, the bill requires unobligated funds and future fiscal-year funds to be distributed to states by formula and used only for Federal-aid highway construction, reconstruction, resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation, or preservation; National Bridge Inventory bridge replacement, rehabilitation, preservation, or protection; wildlife-vehicle collision reduction projects such as wildlife crossings; eligible commercial motor vehicle parking projects; or related preliminary engineering, engineering, or design services. It bars those funds from being used for the existing NEVI charging infrastructure purposes.

The bill applies a similar rule to the Charging and Fueling Infrastructure grant program under title 23. Unobligated and future program funds must be distributed to states based on the proportion of each state's section 104(c) and section 165 apportionments, and must be used for the same highway, bridge, wildlife crossing, truck parking, and engineering purposes rather than charging or fueling infrastructure grant purposes.

Who Benefits and How

State departments of transportation benefit from greater formula-based access to money that had been reserved for EV charging infrastructure. Highway contractors, bridge contractors, wildlife crossing project sponsors, and commercial motor vehicle parking projects benefit from new funding eligibility. Truck drivers and motorists may benefit if states use the funds for safer highways, repaired bridges, wildlife crossings, or truck parking capacity.

Who Bears the Burden and How

EV charging infrastructure developers and communities expecting NEVI or Charging and Fueling Infrastructure grants lose access to those funding streams for charging projects. Federal Highway Administration program staff and state transportation agencies must redistribute and administer funds under the new restrictions. EV drivers and charging site hosts could face slower deployment of public charging stations if funds are shifted to general highway uses.

Key Provisions

  • Requires unobligated NEVI Formula Program funds to be used only for highways, bridges, wildlife crossings, commercial motor vehicle parking, or related engineering.
  • Prohibits redirected NEVI funds from being used for existing EV charging infrastructure program purposes.
  • Directs future NEVI funds to be distributed to states on October 1 of each fiscal year by Federal-aid highway apportionment shares.
  • Requires unobligated Charging and Fueling Infrastructure grant funds to be distributed to states under the same apportionment formula.
  • Limits redirected Charging and Fueling Infrastructure funds to the highway, bridge, wildlife crossing, truck parking, and engineering uses listed for NEVI funds.
  • Provides that redirected funds remain available for the original availability period and are generally administered like chapter 1 title 23 highway funds.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Redirects unobligated and future National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program and Charging and Fueling Infrastructure grant funds away from EV charging purposes and into state-distributed Federal-aid highway, bridge, wildlife crossing, commercial motor vehicle parking, and related engineering projects.

Key Policy Areas

Transportation, Highways, Electric Vehicles, Federal Grants

Primary Purpose

Redirects unobligated and future National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program and Charging and Fueling Infrastructure grant funds away from EV charging purposes and into state-distributed Federal-aid highway, bridge, wildlife crossing, commercial motor vehicle parking, and related engineering projects.

Policy Domains

Transportation Highways Electric Vehicles Federal Grants

Sections 2 and 3 redirected EV charging funds for highway, bridge, wildlife crossing, and truck parking uses

Identified Gains
  • State departments of transportation
  • Highway construction contractors
  • Commercial motor vehicle parking projects
  • Wildlife crossing project sponsors
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Highway construction contractors:
Wildlife crossing project sponsors:
State departments of transportation:
Commercial motor vehicle parking projects:
Identified Costs
  • EV charging infrastructure developers
  • Federal Highway Administration EV program staff
  • State EV charging program offices
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
State EV charging program offices:
EV charging infrastructure developers:
Federal Highway Administration EV program staff:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
Jun 13, 2025

Referred to the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit.

Jun 12, 2025

Mr. Johnson of South Dakota (for himself, Mr. Shreve, and …

Jun 12, 2025

Referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in …

Jun 12, 2025

Introduced in House

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

State & Local Government
3 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive -1 negative

State EV charging program offices, State departments of transportation

Positive-direction: State departments of transportation

Negative-direction: State EV charging program offices

Construction
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Bridge rehabilitation contractors, Highway construction contractors

Transportation
2 mentions across 2 clauses
+2 positive

Commercial motor vehicle parking projects, Wildlife crossing project sponsors

Electric Vehicle Charging
2 mentions across 2 clauses
-2 negative

EV charging grant applicants, EV charging infrastructure developers

Government
1 mention across 1 clause
-1 negative

Federal Highway Administration EV program staff

3/3
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Transportation Highways Electric Vehicles Federal Grants
Actor Mappings
"state"
→ State transportation agency
"secretary"
→ Secretary of Transportation
"cfi_program"
→ Charging and Fueling Infrastructure grant program
"nevi_program"
→ National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

2 terms
"program" §2

The National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program funded under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.

"charging and fueling infrastructure grant program" §3

The grant program under section 151(f) of title 23 whose unobligated and future funds the bill redistributes to states for non-charging highway purposes.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology