HR3495-119

Reported

Direct Seller and Real Estate Agent Harmonization Act

119th Congress Introduced May 19, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The Direct Seller and Real Estate Agent Harmonization Act changes the Fair Labor Standards Act employee definition. It adds a new exclusion stating that the term employee does not include any direct seller or qualified real estate agent, using the definitions already in Internal Revenue Code section 3508(b). The bill aligns FLSA treatment with the tax-law classification used for direct sellers and qualified real estate agents, making it harder to treat those workers as FLSA employees for wage and hour purposes when they fit the statutory categories.

Who Benefits and How

Direct-selling companies benefit because direct sellers covered by section 3508(b) would be excluded from the FLSA employee definition. Real estate brokerages benefit because qualified real estate agents would be excluded as well. Direct sellers who prefer independent-contractor status benefit from clearer Federal wage-and-hour treatment. Real estate agents operating on commission benefit from reduced risk that FLSA employee rules will change their independent business model. Business compliance officers benefit from one Federal definition that points to existing tax-law categories.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Direct sellers and real estate agents who would prefer employee protections may lose access to FLSA minimum wage, overtime, and recordkeeping protections. The Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division must apply the new exclusion when enforcing the FLSA. Worker advocacy organizations bear a policy burden because the bill narrows employee coverage for these occupations. Courts handling misclassification disputes must account for the new cross-reference to Internal Revenue Code section 3508(b).

Key Provisions

  • Amends FLSA section 3(e) to add a new employee-definition exclusion.
  • Excludes direct sellers from the FLSA employee definition when they meet Internal Revenue Code section 3508(b).
  • Excludes qualified real estate agents from the FLSA employee definition under the same tax-law cross-reference.
  • Aligns wage-and-hour classification with existing direct-seller and real-estate-agent tax classification rules.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Amends the Fair Labor Standards Act to exclude direct sellers and qualified real estate agents, as defined in Internal Revenue Code section 3508(b), from the FLSA employee definition.

Key Policy Areas

Labor, Real Estate, Direct Sales

Primary Purpose

Amends the Fair Labor Standards Act to exclude direct sellers and qualified real estate agents, as defined in Internal Revenue Code section 3508(b), from the FLSA employee definition.

Policy Domains

Labor Real Estate Direct Sales

House resolution provisions

Identified Gains
  • Direct-selling company managers
  • Real estate brokerage managers
  • Direct seller workers
  • Real estate agent workers
  • Business compliance officers
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rh
Direct seller workers: ,
Real estate agent workers: ,
Business compliance officers: ,
Real estate brokerage managers: ,
Direct-selling company managers: ,
Identified Costs
  • Direct sellers seeking employee protections
  • Real estate agents seeking employee protections
  • Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division
  • Worker advocacy organizations
  • Federal courts
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rh
Federal courts: ,
Worker advocacy organizations: ,
Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division: ,
Direct sellers seeking employee protections: ,
Real estate agents seeking employee protections: ,

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
Feb 11, 2026

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 420.

Feb 11, 2026

Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Education and Workforce. H. …

Feb 11, 2026

Additional sponsors: Mr. Carbajal, Mr. Van Drew, Mr. Fong, Mr. …

Feb 11, 2026

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 420.

Sep 17, 2025

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

Sep 17, 2025

Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: …

May 19, 2025

Introduced in House

May 19, 2025

Referred to the House Committee on Education and Workforce.

May 19, 2025

Mr. Kiley of California (for himself and Mr. Cuellar) introduced …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Direct Sales
6 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive ?3 uncertain

Direct seller workers, Direct-selling company managers

Real Estate
6 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive ?3 uncertain

Real estate agent workers, Real estate brokerage managers

Labor
3 mentions across 3 clauses
-3 negative

Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division

2/2
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Labor Real Estate Direct Sales
Actor Mappings
"dol"
→ Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology