HR3272-119

In Committee

COMPOST Act

119th Congress Introduced May 8, 2025

Summary

What This Bill Does

The COMPOST Act amends the Food Security Act conservation title so composting counts as both a conservation practice and a conservation activity. Composting includes producing compost from organic waste generated on a farm or brought from a nearby community to a farm, and actively managing compost on a farm to improve water retention and soil health. USDA, in consultation with EPA, must issue rules for determining when a community is nearby, with the condition that hauling community organic waste to the farm must result in a net greenhouse gas emissions reduction. The bill also adds composting practices to conservation stewardship and environmental quality incentive references and requires USDA to establish a composting practice standard.

Who Benefits and How

Farmers benefit because composting can qualify for USDA conservation practice treatment and related conservation program opportunities. Compost producers benefit because on-farm and nearby-community organic waste composting receives clearer federal conservation recognition. Communities with organic waste benefit if farms can use nearby organic waste in ways that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Soil health advocates benefit because compost use is linked to water retention and soil improvement in conservation law.

Who Bears the Burden and How

USDA conservation staff must issue regulations, update conservation program guidance, and establish a composting practice standard. EPA climate staff must consult on nearby-community rules and net greenhouse gas emissions reduction criteria. Farm operators using community waste must comply with federal, state, and local law and demonstrate qualifying composting use. Organic waste haulers may need to show that transporting waste to farms produces a net emissions reduction.

Key Provisions

  • Requires USDA to define composting as a conservation practice and conservation activity.
  • Adds on-farm organic waste and nearby community organic waste composting to the conservation framework.
  • Directs USDA and EPA to set nearby-community rules tied to net greenhouse gas emissions reduction.
  • Requires USDA to establish a composting practice standard and update conservation program references.

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Requires USDA to treat composting as a conservation practice and activity, including on-farm organic waste and nearby community organic waste when greenhouse gas emissions are reduced.

Key Policy Areas

Agriculture, Conservation, Climate

Primary Purpose

Requires USDA to treat composting as a conservation practice and activity, including on-farm organic waste and nearby community organic waste when greenhouse gas emissions are reduced.

Policy Domains

Agriculture Conservation Climate

Resolution provisions

Identified Gains
  • Farmers
  • Compost producers
  • Communities with organic waste
  • Soil health advocates
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Farmers:
Compost producers:
Soil health advocates:
Communities with organic waste:
Identified Costs
  • USDA conservation staff
  • EPA climate staff
  • Farm operators using community waste
  • Organic waste haulers
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
EPA climate staff:
Organic waste haulers:
USDA conservation staff:
Farm operators using community waste:

Legislative Progress

In Committee
Introduced Committee Passed
May 8, 2025

Ms. Brownley (for herself and Ms. Pingree) introduced the following …

May 8, 2025

Referred to the House Committee on Agriculture.

May 8, 2025

Introduced in House

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Agriculture
2 mentions across 1 clause
+2 positive

Compost producers, Farmers

Government
2 mentions across 1 clause
-2 negative

EPA climate staff, USDA conservation staff

State & Local Government
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Communities with organic waste

1/2
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Agriculture Conservation Climate

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology