HR2913-119

What This Bill Does

The Ukraine Support Act is a comprehensive package to support Ukraine's defense against Russia's invasion and impose severe economic consequences on Russia. It provides military assistance, authorizes loans for weapons purchases, establishes mechanisms for Ukraine's reconstruction, and creates an extensive sanctions regime that would be triggered if Russia continues its war of aggression.

Who Benefits and How

• Ukraine's government and military receive extended lend-lease authority through 2028, up to $8 billion in direct loans for weapons purchases, and access to a new Reconstruction Trust Fund for rebuilding.
• U.S. defense contractors benefit from increased arms sales to Ukraine, NATO allies, and Baltic states, with over $100 million annually authorized for Baltic military assistance alone.
• Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty receives $250 million for fiscal year 2026 to expand counter-disinformation broadcasting in Russian-speaking regions.
• U.S. nuclear energy companies gain competitive advantage in Europe as the bill establishes a strategy to displace Russian nuclear influence, with $30 million annually authorized for European nuclear cooperation.
• Shipping companies from NATO countries and Ukraine benefit from federal war risk insurance to continue trade with Ukraine despite the conflict.

Who Bears the Burden and How

• The Russian government and economy faces the most extensive sanctions package in U.S. history: all major banks (Sberbank, VTB, Gazprombank, Central Bank), all oil/gas and mining companies, and senior officials including Putin would be sanctioned. A 500% tariff on all Russian imports and 100% tax on frozen Russian assets would apply.
• Rosatom (Russian nuclear corporation) and its global customers face sanctions cutting them off from U.S. financial system.
• North Korean entities cooperating with Russia on arms transfers face sanctions.
• Persons involved in kidnapping Ukrainian children face property blocking and visa bans.
• Foreign refineries using Russian crude lose access to U.S. markets for their petroleum products.
• U.S. taxpayers bear the cost of $250 million for RFE/RL, $150 million for nuclear cooperation, and risk exposure from war risk insurance.

Key Provisions

• Sanctions Trigger Mechanism: President must determine every 90 days whether Russia is conducting "war of aggression" - an affirmative finding automatically triggers all sanctions.
• Financial Sector Sanctions: Mandates sanctions on 3+ of 13 listed major Russian banks including the Central Bank.
• Energy Sector Sanctions: All Russian oil, gas, coal, and mining companies subject to sanctions; 500% tariff on Russian imports; ban on products from any refinery using Russian crude.
• SWIFT Cutoff: Financial messaging services must disconnect sanctioned Russian banks or face sanctions themselves.
• Asset Seizure: 100% tax on interest/dividends from frozen Russian/Belarusian sovereign assets to fund Ukraine reconstruction.
• Congressional Review: President cannot lift sanctions without congressional approval via joint resolution.
• Nuclear Strategy: Requires strategy to replace Russian nuclear technology in Europe with U.S./allied alternatives.