HR2794-118

Reported

To secure the international borders of the United States, and for other purposes.

118th Congress Introduced Apr 24, 2023

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

This bill directs the Department of Homeland Security and CBP to restart border wall construction, strengthen southern border barrier requirements, expand surveillance and port technology, add staffing and flight-hour requirements, collect DNA and biometric information, publish detailed border statistics, and restrict funding for processing migrants between ports of entry.

Who Benefits and How

Border enforcement agencies, border security technology vendors, construction contractors, local law enforcement agencies, and some States benefit from new mandates, grants, procurement, and reporting. CBP personnel may benefit from retention bonuses and spiritual-readiness reporting.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Migrants and asylum seekers face higher barriers to entry, more biometric collection, more criminal background checks, fewer processing pathways, and broader detention or enforcement exposure. DHS and CBP face new operational mandates and reporting burdens. Border communities, landowners, and environmental interests may face wall construction and vegetation-removal impacts.

Key Provisions

  • Resumes border wall construction and strengthens barrier requirements
  • Requires CBP technology investment, major acquisition management, radios, surveillance, and license plate reader upgrades
  • Authorizes Border Patrol retention bonuses and staffing levels
  • Establishes Operation Stonegarden grants for border-area law enforcement
  • Requires Air and Marine Operations flight hours and border strategy reports
  • Restricts processing of migrants arriving between ports of entry
  • Requires DNA, biometric, criminal-background, and operational statistics measures
  • Bars TSA acceptance of certain identification documents and limits CBP One use
  • Offsets funding from alternatives-to-detention and detention ombudsman programs

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

Expands physical, technological, personnel, and reporting requirements for U.S. border security, including border wall construction, CBP technology upgrades, staffing, grants, biometric collection, operational statistics, and limits on processing migrants between ports of entry.

Key Policy Areas

Immigration, Border Security, Homeland Security, Law Enforcement, Appropriations

Primary Purpose

Expands physical, technological, personnel, and reporting requirements for U.S. border security, including border wall construction, CBP technology upgrades, staffing, grants, biometric collection, operational statistics, and limits on processing migrants between ports of entry.

Policy Domains

Immigration Border Security Homeland Security Law Enforcement Appropriations

Border security operations and infrastructure

Identified Gains
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Border enforcement agencies
  • Border security contractors
  • State and local law enforcement agencies
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rh

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Identified Costs
Contextual inference, no direct clause citation
  • Migrants arriving between ports of entry
  • Border communities and landowners
  • DHS reporting offices
Model: codex-gpt-5 | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: rh

Contextual inference, no direct clause citation

Legislative Progress

Reported
Introduced Committee Passed
May 5, 2023

Additional sponsors: Mr. Ellzey, Mr. Reschenthaler, Mr. Edwards, Mr. Bean …

May 5, 2023

Reported from the Committee on Homeland Security with an amendment

May 5, 2023

Committees on Ways and Means and the Judiciary discharged; committed …

Apr 24, 2023

Mr. Green of Tennessee (for himself, Mr. Higgins of Louisiana, …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Border Security
93 mentions across 79 clauses
+35 positive -48 negative ?10 uncertain

Border Patrol agents, Border Patrol operations, Border drug interdiction agencies

Border Patrol agents, Border Patrol operations, Border drug interdiction agencies, CBP Air and Marine Operations, CBP law enforcement applicants, CBP officers and Border Patrol agents, Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security, Department of Homeland Security and CBP, Department of Homeland Security and CBP reporting offices, Department of Homeland Security biometric collection offices, Department of Homeland Security digital processing programs, Federal law enforcement and identity screening agencies, Federal law enforcement screening agencies, Immigration enforcement agencies, U.S. Customs and Border Protection workforce planners face effects in multiple directions

Government
50 mentions across 47 clauses
+29 positive -21 negative

Congressional homeland security oversight committees, DHS employees opposing COVID-19 vaccine mandates, Department of Homeland Security management

Congressional homeland security oversight committees, DHS employees opposing COVID-19 vaccine mandates, Department of Homeland Security management, Federal Emergency Management Agency grant administrators, Office of the Immigration Detention Ombudsman, Transportation Security Administration face effects in multiple directions

Immigrant Communities
33 mentions across 33 clauses
+11 positive -22 negative

Alternatives to detention program participants, Migrants and smugglers at the border, Migrants and travelers subject to border surveillance

Alternatives to detention program participants, Migrants and smugglers at the border, Migrants and travelers subject to border surveillance, Migrants arriving between ports of entry, Migrants crossing between ports of entry, Migrants processed at the border, Migrants seeking appointments or processing through CBP One, Migrants subject to background checks, Migrants transported from the southwest border, Travelers using prohibited identification documents face effects in multiple directions

Security Systems Services
12 mentions across 12 clauses
+8 positive -4 negative

Border security technology vendors

Border security technology vendors faces effects in multiple directions

Construction
6 mentions across 6 clauses
+4 positive -2 negative

Border wall construction contractors

Border wall construction contractors faces effects in multiple directions

Property Owners
6 mentions across 6 clauses
+2 positive -4 negative

Border landowners and environmental interests

Border landowners and environmental interests faces effects in multiple directions

State & Local Government
6 mentions across 6 clauses
+4 positive -2 negative

State and local law enforcement agencies near borders

State and local law enforcement agencies near borders faces effects in multiple directions

Environment
6 mentions across 3 clauses
+3 positive -3 negative

Riparian habitat and conservation interests, Vegetation removal contractors

Riparian habitat and conservation interests, Vegetation removal contractors face effects in multiple directions

34/34
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Border Security Homeland Security Immigration
Actor Mappings
"commissioner"
→ Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection
"administrator"
→ Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration or FEMA where specified
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of Homeland Security
"comptroller_general"
→ Comptroller General of the United States

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

4 terms
"CBP" §2

U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

"Federal law enforcement officer" §7

A Federal officer covered by the title 5 law-enforcement officer definitions.

"major acquisition program" §437

A DHS acquisition program expected to require eventual total expenditure above a specified threshold.

"Operation Stonegarden" §2010

A DHS grant program for eligible law enforcement agencies supporting border security activities.

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology