HR2293-119

Passed House

To require the Secretary of the Interior to reissue certain regulations relating to the taking of double-crested cormorants at aquaculture facilities.

119th Congress Introduced Dec 10, 2025

Legislative Progress

Passed House
Introduced Committee Passed
Dec 10, 2025

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment …

Dec 10, 2025 (inferred)

Passed House (inferred from eh version)

Sep 15, 2025

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the …

Mar 24, 2025

Mr. Ezell (for himself, Mr. Guest, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, …

Summary

What This Bill Does
This bill reinstates and expands a federal regulation that expired in 2014, which allowed aquaculture operators to kill double-crested cormorants that prey on their fish stocks. The birds can cause significant economic losses at fish farms, particularly catfish operations in the South. The bill makes the authorization permanent with 5-year renewals.

Who Benefits and How
- Aquaculture facilities (fish farms) can legally kill cormorants eating their fish without obtaining individual permits, reducing losses from bird predation
- Catfish farmers particularly in Mississippi benefit from restored ability to control cormorant populations affecting their ponds
- Licensed lake and pond managers gain new authority to take cormorants (not included in original order)
- Coverage expands to 12 additional states including California, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin

Who Bears the Burden and How
- Double-crested cormorant populations face increased mortality from legal taking at aquaculture sites
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service must reissue and administer the depredation order while complying with NEPA and Migratory Bird Treaty Act
- Wildlife conservation groups may oppose reduced protections for the migratory birds

Key Provisions
- Mandates Secretary of Interior to reissue the 2016 cormorant depredation order that expired
- Expands geographic coverage from original states to 12 additional states
- Adds licensed lake managers and pond managers as newly authorized entities
- Removes the expiration date, making the order permanent with 5-year renewals
- Modernizes recordkeeping requirements and simplifies federal compliance provisions

Model: claude-opus-4
Generated: Dec 26, 2025 05:36

Evidence Chain:

This summary is derived from the structured analysis below. See "Detailed Analysis" for per-title beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

Primary Purpose

Requires the Secretary of the Interior to reissue and expand the expired depredation order allowing the taking (killing) of double-crested cormorants at aquaculture facilities to protect fish stocks from bird predation.

Policy Domains

Wildlife Management Agriculture Aquaculture

Legislative Strategy

"Restore expired federal regulation allowing aquaculture operators to kill cormorants that prey on their fish stocks, expanding coverage to more states and to private lake/pond managers"

Likely Beneficiaries

  • Aquaculture facilities (fish farms)
  • Lake managers
  • Pond managers
  • Catfish farmers in Mississippi and other states

Likely Burden Bearers

  • Double-crested cormorant populations
  • Wildlife conservation interests
  • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (compliance obligations)

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Wildlife Management Aquaculture
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

4 terms
"lake manager" §2(e)(1)

A person licensed by a State regulatory agency to manage a private lake

"original depredation order" §2(e)(2)

The depredation order for double-crested cormorants at aquaculture facilities in 50 CFR 21.47 (as in effect January 1, 2016)

"pond manager" §2(e)(3)

A person licensed by a State regulatory agency to manage a private pond

"Secretary" §2(e)(4)

Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology