HR1438-119

Introduced

To prohibit the purchase or lease of agricultural land in the United States by persons associated with certain foreign governments, and for other purposes.

119th Congress Introduced Feb 18, 2025

Analysis under review: This bill has generated analysis that may be too generic or incomplete. Clause-level evidence remains available below.

Summary

What This Bill Does

The bill prohibits persons associated with Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia from purchasing or leasing public or private agricultural land in the United States, with penalties under the International Emergency Economic, requires bars covered persons (entities connected to Iran, North Korea, China, Russia) from participating in USDA programs if they own or lease U.S. agricultural land, except for food safety and health/labor safety, and amends the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act to expand the definition of interest to include security interests and all leases, increases penalty ranges for violations (15-30%), adds lien enforcement on. It relies on compliance mandates, reporting requirements, trade restrictions, and exemptions. The main policy areas are Finance, Agriculture, and Technology.

Who Benefits and How

General public and researchers would be affected, Congressional oversight committees would be affected, and Journalists and watchdog organizations would be affected.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Department of Agriculture would take on compliance duties, Foreign investors from Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia could face higher barriers, and Chinese agricultural companies could face higher barriers.

Key Provisions

  • Prohibits persons associated with Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia from purchasing or leasing public or private agricultural land in the United States, with penalties under the International Emergency Economic...
  • Requires bars covered persons (entities connected to Iran, North Korea, China, Russia) from participating in USDA programs if they own or lease U.S. agricultural land, except for food safety and health/labor safety...
  • Amends the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act to expand the definition of interest to include security interests and all leases, increases penalty ranges for violations (15-30%), adds lien enforcement on...
  • Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to publish human-readable and machine-readable public data sets containing all foreign ownership reports, including purchase prices, estimated values, and details of foreign persons...
  • Mandates biennial reports from the Secretary of Agriculture on risks and benefits of foreign agricultural land ownership, from the Director of National Intelligence on foreign malign influence in agriculture, and a...

Evidence Chain:

This summary is generated from the full bill text using AI analysis. Expand "Detailed Analysis" below for identified beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

At a Glance

What This Bill Does

The bill prohibits persons associated with Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia from purchasing or leasing public or private agricultural land in the United States, with penalties under the International Emergency Economic, requires bars covered persons (entities connected to Iran, North Korea, China, Russia) from participating in USDA programs if they own or lease U.S. agricultural land, except for food safety and health/labor safety, and amends the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act to expand the definition of interest to include security interests and all leases, increases penalty ranges for violations (15-30%), adds lien enforcement on.

Key Policy Areas

Finance, Agriculture, Technology

Primary Purpose

The bill prohibits persons associated with Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia from purchasing or leasing public or private agricultural land in the United States, with penalties under the International Emergency Economic, requires bars covered persons (entities connected to Iran, North Korea, China, Russia) from participating in USDA programs if they own or lease U.S. agricultural land, except for food safety and health/labor safety, and amends the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act to expand the definition of interest to include security interests and all leases, increases penalty ranges for violations (15-30%), adds lien enforcement on.

Policy Domains

Finance Agriculture Technology

Roberto Clemente Commemorative Coin Act

Identified Gains
  • General public and researchers
  • Congressional oversight committees
  • Journalists and watchdog organizations
  • National security agencies
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
National security agencies:
General public and researchers:
Congressional oversight committees:
Journalists and watchdog organizations:
Identified Costs
  • Department of Agriculture
  • Foreign investors from Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia
  • Chinese agricultural companies
  • Foreign-owned agricultural operations from adversarial nations
  • Foreign lessees of U.S. agricultural land
Model: codex-gpt-5:bulk-repair | Version: bill_summary_v2 | Source: ih
Department of Agriculture: , , ,
Chinese agricultural companies:
Foreign lessees of U.S. agricultural land:
Foreign investors from Iran, North Korea, China, and Russia:
Foreign-owned agricultural operations from adversarial nations:

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Feb 18, 2025

Mr. Strong (for himself, Mr. Thompson of California, Mr. Nunn …

Stakeholder Effects

cui bono?

How this legislation distributes effects. Mention counts reflect frequency, not effect magnitude.

Government
9 mentions across 5 clauses
+2 positive -7 negative

Congressional oversight committees, Department of Agriculture, Federal land management agencies

Positive-direction: Congressional oversight committees, National security agencies

Negative-direction: Department of Agriculture, Federal land management agencies, Government Accountability Office, Office of the Director of National Intelligence

Foreign Agricultural Investment
8 mentions across 4 clauses
-8 negative

Chinese agricultural companies, Chinese-owned farms in the United States, Companies trading on foreign exchanges in adversarial nations

General Public
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

General public and researchers

Media & Entertainment
1 mention across 1 clause
+1 positive

Journalists and watchdog organizations

5/7
sections analyzed
Full impact breakdown

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Finance Agriculture Technology
Actor Mappings
"the_secretary"
→ Secretary of the Treasury

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology