HR1016-119

Introduced

To prohibit individuals from accessing or using single-sex facilities on Federal property other than those corresponding to their biological sex, and for other purposes.

119th Congress Introduced Feb 5, 2025

Legislative Progress

Introduced
Introduced Committee Passed
Feb 5, 2025

Ms. Mace (for herself, Mr. Ogles, Mr. Rulli, Mrs. Miller …

Summary

What This Bill Does

The "Protecting Women's Private Spaces Act" prohibits people from using single-sex restrooms, locker rooms, and changing rooms on federal property unless those facilities correspond to their biological sex. The bill defines biological sex based on reproductive systems - female as having egg-producing systems and male as having sperm-producing systems. It applies to all federal buildings, military facilities, post offices, and properties in Washington D.C. and U.S. territories.

Who Benefits and How

This bill primarily benefits individuals who oppose transgender people using facilities that match their gender identity rather than their sex assigned at birth. Emergency medical personnel and law enforcement officers are specifically exempted from the restrictions when responding to emergencies or conducting investigations, allowing them to access any facility as needed for their duties.

Who Bears the Burden and How

Transgender individuals bear the primary burden of this bill, as they would be prohibited from using facilities that correspond to their gender identity on all federal property. This includes federal employees, military personnel, visitors to national parks, and anyone else accessing federal facilities. Federal agencies would face the burden of enforcing these restrictions and potentially defending against discrimination lawsuits. LGBTQ+ advocacy organizations would likely expend resources challenging the bill's constitutionality.

Key Provisions

  • Prohibits using single-sex facilities on federal property that don't match one's biological sex, defined by reproductive system type
  • Applies to all restrooms, locker rooms, and changing rooms on federal property including military bases, post offices, and federal buildings
  • Defines "female" and "male" based on reproductive systems that produce eggs or sperm, accounting for developmental anomalies
  • Exempts emergency medical personnel responding to medical emergencies from the prohibition
  • Exempts law enforcement officers actively pursuing suspects or conducting investigations
Model: claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929
Generated: Dec 24, 2025 05:16

Evidence Chain:

This summary is derived from the structured analysis below. See "Detailed Analysis" for per-title beneficiaries/burden bearers with clause-level evidence links.

Primary Purpose

Prohibits individuals from using single-sex facilities on federal property that do not correspond to their biological sex

Policy Domains

Civil Rights Federal Property Management LGBTQ+ Rights Public Facilities

Legislative Strategy

"Establish federal policy restricting transgender individuals access to single-sex facilities based on biological sex definitions"

Likely Beneficiaries

  • Individuals seeking sex-segregated facilities based on biological sex
  • Conservative advocacy groups

Likely Burden Bearers

  • Transgender individuals
  • Federal agencies responsible for enforcement
  • LGBTQ+ advocacy organizations

Bill Structure & Actor Mappings

Who is "The Secretary" in each section?

Domains
Civil Rights Federal Property Management LGBTQ+ Rights

Key Definitions

Terms defined in this bill

5 terms
"single-sex facility" §2(b)(1)

A space intended for the use of one biological sex (male or female), including restrooms, locker rooms, or changing rooms

"Federal property" §2(b)(2)

Any building, land, or other real property owned, leased, or occupied by any department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States (including DoD and USPS), or any instrumentality wholly owned by the United States, or by any department or agency of DC or any territory or possession

"biological sex" §2(b)(3)

The biological determination as to whether an individual is male or female

"female" §2(b)(4)

An individual who naturally has, had, will have, or would have, but for a developmental or genetic anomaly or historical accident, the reproductive system that at some point produces, transports, and utilizes eggs for fertilization

"male" §2(b)(5)

An individual who naturally has, had, will have, or would have, but for a developmental or genetic anomaly or historical accident, the reproductive system that at some point produces, transports, and utilizes sperm for fertilization

We use a combination of our own taxonomy and classification in addition to large language models to assess meaning and potential beneficiaries. High confidence means strong textual evidence. Always verify with the original bill text.

Learn more about our methodology